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 Special print on destiny and the person of city has imposed its seaside position. Odessa was pawned as port, long time was allocated as "window" and even "door" to Europe, was formed and developed under huge influence of the European culture and at the most direct participation of the European political and military figures, builders and architects, financiers and businessmen. All this sharply distinguished then Odessa from other cities of Russian empire and even from "quite European" Petersburg. lFor realization conceived Ekaterina II has directed on the south already carrying out similar work in Finland general - аnshefa A.V.Suvorova. Under its direct supervision engineer - colonel F.P.Devolan has designed plans of fortresses, in particular and Hadgibei fortresses. Located above coastal breakage, it should supervise sea approaches to port though did not represent special military value for was rather small earthen strengthening. Incorporated in June, 1793, a fortress hastily, that was required by necessity of the prompt creation of a defensive zone of the attached grounds, has been finished at the end of one year. In parallel with its erection the question on accommodation of port and base of rowing fleet was examined. For the lack of the adjusted communications, only galleys could provide supply of Russian army, secure territory against attacks of the turkish ships.  A.V.Suvorov, recognizing a role of rowing fleet, has supported the petition of its commander and de Ribas about construction of harbour on Black sea. Specifying geographical advantage Hadgibei of a bay, its favourable strategic position, de Ribas has managed to achieve in Petersburg the positive decision. On May, 27, 1794. Ekaterina II has signed рескрипт about the basis of the city of Hadzhibeja.lThe new city was created first of all as a naval advanced post of Russia on near approaches to turkish possession. In the project of building creation of four harbours from which rise conducted on the part of a plateau removed from breakage where city quarters were assumed was planned. In 1794 under manual de Ribas and engineer - colonel F.P.Devolana work on erection of port and specification of plans of construction of city began. On August, 22 (on September, 2 on new style) the solemn bookmark of structures Hadgibei 1794 has taken place. Originally for seamen, mainly Greeks and free поселенцев the  insignificant number of sites intended. The basic attention was given accommodation of office buildings, warehouses, hospitals. Then, in January, 1795, at the request of Ekaterina II city has received the modern name. "Odessa" Хаджибей began to name soon after the edition of the decree (from May, 27, 1794), Also began to name it so because once away back for a long time, versts in 45 to the east from Hadgibei, on an extremity of the left coast Tiligulskogo of estuary, there was a Greek settlement Odessos  lThe major factor of development of Odessa became its ocurrence in the geopolitic space of Ukraine issued after sections of Rzeczpospolita in 1772, 1793, 1795. In XVII-XVIII centuries the Ukrainian bread was the major article of the Polish export. Changes of the Russian - Polish borders, " continental blockade " England, at last, napoleonic wars have interrupted the Ukrainian - Baltic trading ways. The new exit on the world markets was required, and Odessa becomes the important port which has opened a direct way to the Ukrainian bread on the European market.
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